Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a form of depression that follows a seasonal pattern, most commonly appearing in fall and winter months when daylight hours decrease.
Common Symptoms
SAD symptoms include low energy, oversleeping, increased appetite (particularly for carbohydrates), difficulty concentrating, and a general low mood that lifts as seasons change.
Why It Happens
Reduced sunlight exposure is believed to disrupt circadian rhythms and affect serotonin and melatonin levels, both of which play a role in mood regulation.
Light Therapy
Daily use of a specialized light therapy box, typically for 20-30 minutes each morning, is one of the most well-researched treatments for SAD and often produces noticeable improvement within one to two weeks.
Other Treatment Options
CBT adapted specifically for SAD, vitamin D supplementation (under medical guidance), and in some cases medication can all be part of an effective treatment plan.
Final Thoughts
If low mood consistently returns each fall or winter, speak with a doctor or therapist — SAD is a recognized, treatable condition, not simply “winter blues.”